Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

Gingival lesions rarely occur in newborns. However, when present, they commonly worry the parents and impair the infant's feeding, thus affecting growth. Such lesions are usually nonneoplastic in nature, although malignancies may develop; therefore, specimens must be submitted for histopathologic examination. A 2-month-old girl presented with a 10-mm nodule on the anterior lower alveolar ridge in association with natal tooth extraction and neonatal tooth eruption. The lesion was excised with high-power laser under local anesthesia, and a histopathologic diagnosis of a peripheral ossifying fibroma was made.

The purpose of this study was to determine if submental intubation during maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) reduces the development of nasal obstruction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

The aim of this study was to map and compare the distributions of absorbed doses with Gafchromic film for panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by using adult and child phantoms.

We aimed to identify the prognostic factors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) by using gene expression analysis and candidate biomarkers for adjuvant therapy.

A 40-year-old pregnant woman was referred to our service with a chief complaint of an ulcerated and painful swelling on the left hard palate and a normal-colored swelling in the right hard palate, with an evolution time of 15 days. The patient's dental history was noncontributory, but she reported a previous diagnosis of untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, discovered during pregnancy examinations at 5 weeks’ pregnancy. CD4+ T-cell count was 5 cells/mm3 (1%) and the HIV RNA level was greater than 500,000 copies/mL.

To evaluate the distribution of metal artifacts from the exomass in small field-of-view (FOV) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.

This month's issue of the journal includes an article by Reeves et al. addressing the concept of quality assurance (QA) in digital intraoral radiology.1 The authors describe QA as a program of “strategic and systematic steps necessary to ensure … the consistent production of high quality radiographic images with maximal diagnostic information at the lowest radiation exposure to the patient.” The article specifically examines the importance of acceptance testing of solid-state digital dental intraoral sensors at the time of installation of the x-ray source, the sensors, the computer, the software, and the monitor on which the radiographs are displayed.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the factors associated with symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP).

Double-hit (DH) lymphoma is a rare subtype of B-cell lymphoma characterized by the chromosomal rearrangement of c-Myc and Bcl-2, and/or Bcl-6. c-Myc is an oncogene that keeps cells proliferative. Bcl-2 and Bcl-6 grant cells antiapoptotic features. The concurrent expression of these genes and their synergistic effect make DH lymphoma refractory to traditional chemotherapy, with an extremely poor prognosis. Here, we present a case of DH lymphoma in the oral cavity, including its rapid clinical course, extensive involvement of multiple sites and organs, and response to aggressive chemotherapy.

Primary pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PMH) of bone is an extremely rare vascular neoplasm. We present here a case of primary PMH occurring in the maxilla.

We observed that a prominent strip of depapillated mucosa surrounded tongue carcinomas. This study evaluates its correlation with other prognosticating factors.

Odontogenic cysts and tumors are heterogeneous lesions, originating from elements or remnants of the odontogenic apparatus. Although the majority of these lesions are benign and never undergo malignant transformation, rare malignant tumors may arise de novo or from benign precursors. The molecular basis of these lesions is still poorly understood. This article summarizes and discusses studies using small, medium, and large-scale and/or “-omic” techniques to describe the molecular characteristics of benign and malignant odontogenic lesions and briefly debates strategies to increase the use of “-omic” and multi-omic approaches or integrative analyses in the research of these lesions.

To evaluate mandibular bone changes by comparing the fractal dimension (FD), mandibular cortical width (MCW), and panoramic mandibular index (PMI) on panoramic radiographs in patients using intravenous corticosteroids versus controls.

To evaluate the accuracy of magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) featuring constrained spherical deconvolution-based tractography in tracking the extracranial course of the facial nerve to provide a reliable facial nerve map to facilitate well-tolerated and effective tumor resection.

The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical safety profile of dental extractions in patients with thrombocytopenia and explore the effectiveness of platelet transfusion before dental extractions.

This study was designed to develop a severity index for geographic tongue (GT) based on the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index.

A 13-year-old female presented to the Froedtert Memorial Lutheran Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic (Wauwatosa, WI) for evaluation of a left mandibular lesion. After evaluation, when it was decided to start orthodontic treatment, an asymptomatic radiolucent lesion of the left mandible was noted on a panoramic radiograph. At initial consultation, the patient reported soreness and pressure of mild intensity in the bilateral posterior mandible for the past 1 month; she denied altered facial or oral sensation, recent changes in swelling or occlusion, drainage, mobile or painful teeth, and fevers or chills.

A 66-year-old white female presented to the Oral Medicine clinic at the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine (Boston, MA) with a 6-year history of bilateral submandibular and parotid gland swelling. She described asymptomatic swelling in the submandibular region, with intermittent increases and decreases in size, accompanied by subjective xerostomia and xerophthalmia. The patient had an empirical diagnosis of sicca syndrome and had been evaluated by the Departments of Otolaryngology and Rheumatology without resolution of her symptoms.

Chronic destructive periodontitis, a cause of systemic inflammation, affects some 10% to 15% of adults across the globe, with severity of disease increasing with age. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between periodontitis and oral hygiene habits and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers.

Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) is a poorly understood chronic inflammatory disease, for which many etiologic theories and treatment modalities have been suggested. We retrospectively evaluated bisphosphonate treatment outcomes in patients with DSO and compared them with those of alternative treatment modalities and those reported in the current literature.

Recurrent oral erythema multiforme (ROEM) is now accepted as a less-recognized subtype of erythema multiforme (EM). The diagnosis is based on the exclusion of other similar diseases; typical clinical features, such as mutiple recurrent irregular painful erosions of oral mucosa without skin lesions, and, frequently, evidence of past herpes simplex virus infection. Here, we report 3 cases diagnosed as ROEM according to the 3 characteristics mentioned before. In addition, the article reviews the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, basis for diagnosis, and treatment of ROEM and highlights the need for prophylaxis.

A 55-year-old male without the habits of cigarette-smoking, alcohol-drinking, or betel-quid -chewing was referred from a local dental clinic with the complaint of a swelling over the upper left edentulous ridge for a duration of 1 month. Other than a history of an extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma on the upper left posterior gingiva proven via histopathological and immunohistochemical staining (Figure 1A–E), for which chemotherapy and radiotherapy was administered 13 years ago, no other systemic diseases were noted.

We live in an age where the concept of precision medicine is no longer aspirational but is now institutionalized, not only being used in clinical practice but also helping to drive novel research. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) defines precision medicine as “an emerging approach for disease treatment and prevention that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle of each person.”1

This review aimed to explore the paradigms of disclosing a cancer diagnosis with a focus on oral and oropharyngeal cancer and patient-related considerations.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of shielding and scanning parameters on radiation dose reduction to the organs in the head and neck region in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

The aim of this retrospective, single-center study was to analyze long-term results after marginal and segmental mandibulectomies in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

We read with respect the recent article by Chen et al., titled “Changes of the condylar position after modified disk repositioning: a retrospective study based on magnetic resonance imaging” published in Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. The authors attempted to evaluate the changes in condylar position after unilateral open disk repositioning surgery. The authors drew the conclusion that the joint spaces significantly increased postoperatively, in addition to the changes of the condylar position in anterior and inferior movements and led to the posterior open bite, most of which will be recovered 3 months after surgery.

The aim of this study was to characterize the clinicopathologic features of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in an eastern Chinese population and to evaluate the diagnostic validity of p16 immunochemistry (IHC) for HPV status detection in OPSCC.

This systematic literature review addresses the use of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for the evaluation of benign maxillomandibular odontogenic lesions.

A 60-year-old Caucasian male was referred by his dentist for diagnosis and management of an asymptomatic lesion, incidentally discovered during a routine dental examination. According to the patient, this was his first dental visit after more than 5 years. His medical history was significant for iron deficiency anemia; he had been smoking 10 cigarettes per day for about 42 years.

To evaluate a fully deep learning mask region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) method for automated tooth segmentation using individual annotation of panoramic radiographs.

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the need for acceptance testing with digital dental intraoral sensors (DIOS) as the first step of a comprehensive quality assurance (QA) program.

The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the imaging features of osteomyelitis according to the presence or absence of antiresorptive medications by using computed tomography (CT).

The historical separation of medicine and dentistry in the United States is derived from the original unregulated dentist–barber surgeon trade and its interaction with the burgeoning profession of medicine.1 With the passing of time, the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, chartered in 1840 under the vision of Horace H. Hayden and Chapin A. Harris, offered the first formal dental education curriculum and introduced dentistry as a separate profession in the United States.1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mandibular and articular dynamics and the presence of complications associated with surgical or nonsurgical treatments of condylar fractures.

The clinical management of patients with T1-2 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and clinically node-negative neck (cN0) continues to be controversial. We performed a systematic review of the literature to assess the effect of elective neck dissection (END) and neck observation (OBS) on the prognosis of patients with cT1-2 N0 OSCC.

The aim of this study was to investigate postoperative horizontal relapse of the mandible in terms of the effects of the magnitude of mandibular setback movement and ramus inclination after LeFort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy.

To evaluate how physical photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plate artifacts, such as those created by scratches, phosphor degradation, and surface peeling, affect the radiologic interpretation of periapical inflammatory disease.

The aim of this study was to investigate the application of cryosurgery with certain modifications as a treatment modality for patients diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia refractory to pharmacologic treatments.

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that have a significant impact on decision making regarding treatment strategies and on the resultant outcomes in older patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between anxiety, quality of life (QL), and sociodemographic aspects and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and to assess the predisposition to TMDs in patients with low QL and anxiety.

Because of the long-term and consecutive use of different causative agents, clinicians are increasingly encountering patients needing restoration of the stomatognathic system after surgical resection of highly advanced necroses of the jaw. For plastic restoration in these cases, microvascular reconstruction seems to represent the most viable option. According to the limited data available, the risks of this operation are considered comparable with those faced by other patient cohorts. We report here the case of a patient who suffered 2 successive pathologic fractures of the tibia after microsurgical reconstruction of the mandible with a free fibula flap.

The aim of this study was to assess diagnosis and treatment of submandibular duct stenosis caused by dental prostheses.

The notable features of ameloblastoma do not typically include prominent vascularity. However, on rare occasions, vascular ameloblastoma has been described under a variety of names. We present a case of vascularized ameloblastoma that had a bloody return on fine-needle aspiration. The English language literature contains a total of 16 reports (18 cases) of vascular or hemangioma-like ameloblastoma. We reviewed the clinical, pathologic, and radiographic features of the 19 cases, but further study and more cases are needed.

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) according to the presence of upper cervical spine abnormalities and craniofacial morphology.

The aim of this study was to map the vertical locations of calcified carotid plaques (CCPs), osseous anatomic structures, and calcified soft tissues in the area of the carotid artery, determine to what extent CCPs are superimposed on the cervical spine in coronal images, and analyze the differences between men and women.